are builds created from eas build --profile development --platform ios treated as bare workflow?

No. Both managed and bare workflow (or even plain react native) apps can be build with eas build --profile development --platform ios.

If I were to guess, I think you might have run expo run:ios at some point. That effectively turns your app into a bare workflow app.

If the above applies to you, see this message for what you can do about it.